Using the Harmonic Addition Theorem to simplify \cos(x)+i \sin(x) The Harmonic

Laney Spears

Laney Spears

Answered question

2022-01-28

Using the Harmonic Addition Theorem to simplify cos(x)+isin(x)
The Harmonic Addition Theorem states that:
Acos(x)+Bsin(x)=sign(A)A2+B2cos(xarctan(BA))
But when I try using it to simplify the famous formula:
cos(x)+isin(x)
I get:
A=1,B=isign(1)1+(1)cos(xarctan(i))=0
which is clearly not right. What am I doing wrong?

Answer & Explanation

Hana Larsen

Hana Larsen

Beginner2022-01-29Added 17 answers

Let's try and see whether arctani is defined. Suppose tanz=i; then
sinzcosz=i
that's the same as sinz=icosz, which becomes
eizeiz2i=ieiz+eiz2
that is
eizeiz=eizeiz
so eiz=0, which is impossible.
Perhaps more simply: sinz=icosz implies sin2z=cos2z=1+sin2z that is 0=-1

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