Exceplyclene72

2023-01-01

Why light can't escape from a blackhole if they have no mass?

tappahtappahwf6

Expert

Given that the Newtonian formula for the gravitational force is:
#vecF = G(m_1m_2)/r^2hatr#
The effects of gravity on mass-containing objects are described by this equation. However, it does not describe HOW gravity operates. Because mass-containing objects bend space-time, gravity operates. The effect that this curvature has on other objects (that are, also, causing curves to space-time) is to cause them to deviate from their normally straight trajectory to a curved trajectory. This mutual curving and trajectory deviations is what we call gravity.
Photons of light are not exempt from this effect. We have many scientific observations that confirm that, though photons have no mass, they must follow these curvatures of space-time. A scientist named Karl Schwarzschild , discovered that, in a black hole, space-time can be so extremely curved that any light following this curvature cannot escape but, instead, doubles back on itself. This is why light cannot escape from a black hole.

Kason Murray

Expert

Einstein's theory of relativity made the prediction that gravitational forces would cause light to bend. According to Einstein's theory, gravity would bend space. By slowing time, the bending of space would also result in the bending of light waves. During an eclipse, photographs of the stars confirmed Einstein's theories.
The gravity in a black hole would be so intense that space would be bent to the point where time would stop. Light itself cannot escape the black hole without time. At the black hole's boundary, known as the singularity, time slows to a standstill.
The effect of gravity on time has been verified by many experiments. But the effect of gravity on time is difficult to understand as time is usually thought of as a constant instead of the variable quantity it is.
An example is the common practice of using light years as a measure of time when it can actually only be used as measure of distance.
The singularity of the Black hole bends space to the extent that nothing can escape the boundary of the Black Hole. Time itself stops at the boundary and with no time light can not move.

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