Two cards are drawn successively and without replacement from an ordin

Donald Johnson

Donald Johnson

Answered question

2021-12-24

Two cards are drawn successively and without replacement from an ordinary deck of playing cards Compute the probability of drawing a. Two hearts. b. A heart on the first draw and a club on the second draw. c. A heart on the first draw and an ace on the second draw. Hint: In part (c), note that a heart can be drawn by getting the ace of hearts or one of the other 12 hearts.

Answer & Explanation

Daniel Cormack

Daniel Cormack

Beginner2021-12-25Added 34 answers

Step 1
PROBABILITY RULES
A standard deck of cards contains 52 cards, of which 26 are red and 26 are black, 13 are of each suit (hearts, diamonds, spades, clubs) and of which 4 are of each denomination (A, 2 to 10, J, Q, K). The face cards are the jacks J, queens Q and kings K.
General multiplication rule:
P(AB)=P(A)×P(BA)=P(B)×P(AB)
Step 2
SOLUTION
a) 13 of the 52 caeds are hearts are hearts
The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:
P(H1)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=1352=14
After one heart is selected, there are 12 hearts left among the remaining 51 cards.
P(H2H1)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=1251=417
Use the general multiplication rule:
P(H1H2)=P(H1)×P(H2H1)=14×417=1170.05882
Step 3
b) 13 of the 52 cards are hearts
The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:
P(H1)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=1352=14
After one heart is selected, there are 13 clubs left among the remaining 51 cards.
P(C2H1)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=1351
Use the general multiplication rule:
P(H1C2)=P(H1)×P(C2H1)=14×1351=132040.06373
Step 4
c) 13 of the 52 cards are hearts, while 1 of these cards is the ace of hearts
The probability is the number of favorable outcomes divided by the number of possible outcomes:
P(HA)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=152
P(H¬ A)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=1252=313
After the ace of hearts is selected, there are 3 aces left in the remaining 51 cards
P(AHA)=#of favorable outcomes#of possible outcomes=351
After a heart that is not the ace of hearts is selected, there are 4 aces left in the remaining 51 cards

Laura Worden

Laura Worden

Beginner2021-12-26Added 45 answers

For part (a) I have:
A= {draw heart on 1st draw}
B= {draw heart on 2nd draw}
P(A)=1352
P(BA)=1251
Given: P(A intersect B) =P(A)P(BA) Therefore, P(A intersect B) =(1352)(1251)=117
B)
A= {draw heart on 1st}
B= {draw club on 2nd}
P(A)=1352 because there are 13 hearts out of 52 cards to choose from
P(BA)=1351 because there are 13 club of which there are 51 cards to choose from.
Therefore,
P(A intersect B) =P(A)P(BA)=(1352)(1351)=13204
user_27qwe

user_27qwe

Skilled2021-12-30Added 375 answers

Step 1
a) There are 13 hearts in a deck
We can draw two hearts in 13P2 different ways.
We can draw any two cards from a deck of 52 in 52P2 ways.
So the probability of getting 2 hearts =13P252P2=1562652=117
Step 2
b) A deck has 13 hearts and 13 clubs.
We can draw the first heart 13 different ways, and the second club 13 different ways.
We can draw any two cards from a deck of 52 in 52P2 ways.
So the probability of getting 1 heart and then 1 club is =13×1352P2=1692652=13204
Step 3
с) A deck contains 13 hearts and four aces.
And one of them is a heart ace.
So there are 2 possible cases:
1) We draw any card from a deck of 12 hearts that is not an ace, followed by any ace.
2) We draw the ace of hearts, then another ace from the other three aces.
For case 1 total number of outcomes =(12C1)(4C1)=12(4)=48
For case 2 total number of outcomes =1×(3C1)=1×3=3
So total (48+3)=51 cases.
We can draw any two cards from a deck of 52 in 52P2 ways.

So the probability of getting a heart and then an ace is =5152P2=152

Nick Camelot

Nick Camelot

Skilled2023-05-10Added 164 answers

a. To compute the probability of drawing two hearts, we can use the following formula:
P({Two hearts})=Number of favorable outcomesNumber of possible outcomes
The number of favorable outcomes is the number of ways we can choose two hearts from the deck, which is (132) (choosing 2 cards from the 13 hearts in the deck). The number of possible outcomes is the total number of ways we can choose any two cards from the deck, which is (522) (choosing 2 cards from the 52 cards in the deck). Therefore, the probability is:
P({Two hearts})=(132)(522)
b. To compute the probability of drawing a heart on the first draw and a club on the second draw, we can use the following formula:
P({Heart first, club second})=P({Heart on first draw})×P({Club on second draw after drawing a heart})
The probability of drawing a heart on the first draw is 1352 (there are 13 hearts in the deck of 52 cards). After drawing a heart, there are 51 cards left in the deck, including 13 clubs. Therefore, the probability of drawing a club on the second draw after drawing a heart is 1351. Thus, the overall probability is:
P({Heart first, club second})=1352×1351
c. To compute the probability of drawing a heart on the first draw and an ace on the second draw, we can use the following formula:
P({Heart first, ace second})=P({Heart on first draw})×P({Ace on second draw after drawing a heart})
The probability of drawing a heart on the first draw is 1352. After drawing a heart, there are 51 cards left in the deck, including 4 aces. Therefore, the probability of drawing an ace on the second draw after drawing a heart is 451. Thus, the overall probability is:
P({Heart first, ace second})=1352×451
Mr Solver

Mr Solver

Skilled2023-05-10Added 147 answers

Answer:
(a)(132)(522)
(b)13×13(522)
(c)1×4(522)
Explanation:
a. To calculate the probability of drawing two hearts, we need to determine the number of favorable outcomes and the total number of possible outcomes.
The number of favorable outcomes is given by the number of ways we can choose two hearts from the deck, which is (132) (since there are 13 hearts in the deck).
The total number of possible outcomes is given by the number of ways we can choose any two cards from the deck, which is (522) (since there are 52 cards in the deck).
Therefore, the probability of drawing two hearts is:
P(Two hearts)=(132)(522)
b. To calculate the probability of drawing a heart on the first draw and a club on the second draw, we need to determine the number of favorable outcomes and the total number of possible outcomes.
The number of favorable outcomes is given by the number of ways we can choose one heart and one club from the deck. There are 13 hearts and 13 clubs in the deck, so the number of favorable outcomes is 13×13.
The total number of possible outcomes is still (522), as we are drawing two cards from the deck.
Therefore, the probability of drawing a heart on the first draw and a club on the second draw is:
P(Heart on first draw and club on second draw)=13×13(522)
c. To calculate the probability of drawing a heart on the first draw and an ace on the second draw, we need to determine the number of favorable outcomes and the total number of possible outcomes.
The number of favorable outcomes is given by the number of ways we can choose one heart and one ace from the deck. There is 1 ace of hearts and 3 other aces (one for each suit), so the number of favorable outcomes is 1×4.
The total number of possible outcomes is still (522), as we are drawing two cards from the deck.
Therefore, the probability of drawing a heart on the first draw and an ace on the second draw is:
P(Heart on first draw and ace on second draw)=1×4(522)
Note: The (nk) notation represents the binomial coefficient, which is the number of ways to choose k items from a set of n items. It can be calculated as n!k!(nk)!.

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