When is graph G with n vertices is isomorphic to complement G? So, total no of edges that a n vertex graph can have is = (n/2). And if G is isomorphic to G then no of edges in G is equal to no of edges in G. So no of edges in G = 1/2 (n/2) . But for this to be an integer, n = 4k or n = 4k+1 for some integer k.

Neil Sharp

Neil Sharp

Answered question

2022-11-25

When is graph G with n vertices is isomorphic to complement G ¯ ?
Question : When is graph G with n vertices is isomorphic to complement G ¯ ?
So, total no of edges that a n vertex graph can have is ( n 2 ) . And if G is isomorphic to G ¯ then no of edges in G is equal to no of edges in G ¯ . So no of edges in ( n 2 ) . But for this to be an integer, n = 4k or n = 4k+1 for some integer k.
My question is : Is this the only requirement? That is, is n=4k or 4k+1 the sufficient condition to construct such a graph G? Does it have anything to do with the fact that G and G ¯ can both be bipartite if both of them don't have any triangle in it? The question asks to think about what is the condition of G and G ¯ simultaneously bipartite.

Answer & Explanation

Jayda King

Jayda King

Beginner2022-11-26Added 8 answers

Let n=4k. Then the following graph G is self-complementary: Let V = { 1 , 2 , , 4 k }, add edges between u and v if
both u , v are 2 k or
exactly one of u , v is k and | u v | is even.
Then
(1) x { x + 2 k if  x 2 k x 2 k + 1 if  2 k < x < 4 k 1 if  x = 4 k
is an isomorphism of G with its complement G ¯ .
Now let n=4k+1. Start with the graph G constructed for n=4k and add a new vertex 0. Add edges from 0 to x for 1 x 2 k. The map (2) extended by mapping 0 0 is an isomorphism of this new graph G with its complement G ¯ .

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