Let z(x,y)=e^(3xy), x(p,q)=p/q and y(p,q)=q/p are functions. Use multivariable chain rule of partial derivatives to find (i) (delz)/(delp) (ii) (delz)/(delq).

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Answer 1

(i) \(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{p}}}=\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{x}}}\cdot\frac{{\partial{x}}}{{\partial{p}}}+\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{y}}}\cdot\frac{{\partial{y}}}{{\partial{p}}}\) (1)
\(\displaystyle\Rightarrow\because\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{x}}}={e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}\cdot{3}{y}\Rightarrow\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{x}}}={3}{y}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{y}}}={e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}\cdot{3}{x}\Rightarrow\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{y}}}={3}{x}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{x}}}{{\partial{p}}}=\frac{{1}}{{q}}{\quad\text{and}\quad}\frac{{\partial{x}}}{{\partial{q}}}=-\frac{{9}}{{q}^{{2}}}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{y}}}{{\partial{p}}}=-\frac{{1}}{{p}^{{2}}}{\quad\text{and}\quad}\frac{{\partial{y}}}{{\partial{p}}}=\frac{{1}}{{p}}\)
Using these values equation (1) becomes:
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{p}}}={3}{y}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}\cdot\frac{{1}}{{q}}+{3}{x}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}{\left(-\frac{{q}}{{p}^{{2}}}\right)}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{p}}}=\frac{{{3}{y}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}}}{{q}}-{\left({3}{x}{q}\frac{{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}}{{p}^{{2}}}\right.}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{p}}}={\left({3}\frac{{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}}{{{q}{p}^{{2}}}}{\left({p}^{{2}}{y}-{x}{q}^{{2}}\right)}\right.}\)
(ii) \(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{q}}}=\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{x}}}\cdot\frac{{\partial{x}}}{{\partial{q}}}+\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{y}}}\cdot\frac{{\partial{y}}}{{\partial{q}}}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{q}}}={3}{y}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}{\left(-\frac{{p}}{{q}^{{2}}}\right)}+{3}{x}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}{\left(\frac{{1}}{{p}}\right)}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{q}}}={\left(-{3}{y}{p}\frac{{e}^{{{3}{y}{x}}}}{{q}^{{2}}}+\frac{{{3}{x}}}{{p}}{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}\right)}\)
\(\displaystyle\frac{{\partial{z}}}{{\partial{q}}}={\left({3}\frac{{e}^{{{3}{x}{y}}}}{{{p}{q}^{{2}}}}{\left({x}{q}^{{2}}-{y}{p}^{{2}}\right)}\right.}\)

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Let z(x,y)=e^(3xy), x(p,q)=p/q and y(p,q)=q/p are functions. Use multivariable chain rule of partial derivatives to find (i) (delz)/(delp) (ii) (delz)/(delq).

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