I got a plane with equation: P ( x , y ) = 16100 +

Aditya Erickson

Aditya Erickson

Answered question

2022-05-21

I got a plane with equation: P ( x , y ) = 16100 + 47 y 52
A line (parametrized equation) which lies on the plane P:
{ x = t y = 620 z = 870
And a point which belongs to the line: O ( 5 , 620 , 870 )
I need to find an equation of the line that belongs to the specified plane P and crosses specified line at the specified point O making an angle of 45 o with the line.

Answer & Explanation

Erzrivalef6

Erzrivalef6

Beginner2022-05-22Added 10 answers

Step 1
That is not the equation of a plane. It is not really an equation at all. It is the definition of the "P(x,y)" function. An equation forces the variables in it into some relationship. If you don't count the function P as a variable, this does no such thing. From the rest of your post, it is evident that the equation of the plane is
z = 16100 + 47 y 52
which forces a relationship between the y and z coordinates of the points on the plane. (Since x does not appear, it can still take on any value. But specifying a value for either y or z forces a value on the other by the equation.)
Solving your problem is most easily done using vector notation. You can rewrite the equation of the plane P as
47 y + 52 z = 16100
Or
n r = 16100
where r = ( x , y , z ) is the position vector, representing points in space as vectors from the origin, and n = ( 0 , 47 , 52 ) is a vector. The points of P are exactly those r for which the equation holds.
O = ( 5 , 620 , 870 ) can be thought of as a vector now. We can verify that it is a point on the plane by calculating
n O = ( 0 ) ( 5 ) + ( 47 ) ( 620 ) + ( 52 ) ( 870 ) = 29140 + 45240 = 16100
You can plug this back into the equation for P as:
n r = n O
and rearrange to get
n ( r O ) = 0
as an alternate form of the equation of the plane. Since r and O are points on the plane, their difference is a direction along the plane. So this says that the vector n is perpendicular to all directions along the plane P. Indeed, P is the unique plane which is perpendicular to n and passes through the point O.
The line is defined parametrically by the expression
O + t i
where i = ( 1 , 0 , 0 ) For every value of t, the point O + t i lies on the line, and for every point on the line, there is some t for which that point is O + t i . Note that if r = O + t i , then r O = t i and n ( t i ) = t ( n i ) = t ( 0 ) = 0 , which shows that the line does lie in P.
To find the 45 lines, first find a line in the plane perpendicular to . Fortunately the cross product provides what we need. Set
m = n × i = ( 0 , 52 , 47 )
Then m is perpendicular to both n and i:
n m = ( 0 ) ( 0 ) + ( 47 ) ( 52 ) + ( 52 ) ( 47 ) = 0 i m = ( 1 ) ( 0 ) + ( 0 ) ( 52 ) + ( 0 ) ( 47 ) = 0
So the line parametrized by O + t m lies in the plane P and is perpendicular to .
i is a unit vector: i = 1 2 + 0 2 + 0 2 = 1 . But m is not: m = 0 2 + 52 2 + 47 2 = 4913 70.1 . We need unit vectors for the next step, so divide m by its length:
m ^ = 1 m m = ( 0 , 52 4913 , 47 4913 )
Finally we can rotate i by 45 towards m ^ or towards m ^ to get vectors pointing along the two 45 lines. For most angles you would use trig for this, but 45 is particularly easy:
u 1 = 1 2 ( i + m ^ ) = ( 1 2 , 52 9826 , 47 9826 ) u 2 = 1 2 ( i m ^ ) = ( 1 2 , 52 9826 , 47 9826 )
The parametric expressions for the two lines are O + t u 1 and O + t u 2

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