Situations comparing two proportions are described. In each case, determine whether the situation involves

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Situations comparing two proportions are described. In each case, determine whether the situation involves

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asked 2021-02-09

A two-sample inference deals with dependent and independent inferences. In a two-sample hypothesis testing problem, underlying parameters of two different populations are compared. In a longitudinal (or follow-up) study, the same group of people is followed over time. Two samples are said to be paired when each data point in the first sample is matched and related to a unique data point in the second sample.
This problem demonstrates inference from two dependent (follow-up) samples using the data from the hypothetical study of new cases of tuberculosis (TB) before and after the vaccination was done in several geographical areas in a country in sub-Saharan Africa. Conclusion about the null hypothesis is to note the difference between samples.
The problem that demonstrates inference from two dependent samples uses hypothetical data from the TB vaccinations and the number of new cases before and after vaccination. \(\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline Geographical\ regions & Before\ vaccination & After\ vaccination\\ \hline 1 & 85 & 11\\ \hline 2 & 77 & 5\\ \hline 3 & 110 & 14\\ \hline 4 & 65 & 12\\ \hline 5 & 81 & 10\\\hline 6 & 70 & 7\\ \hline 7 & 74 & 8\\ \hline 8 & 84 & 11\\ \hline 9 & 90 & 9\\ \hline 10 & 95 & 8\\ \hline \end{array}\)
Using the Minitab statistical analysis program to enter the data and perform the analysis, complete the following: Construct a one-sided \(\displaystyle{95}\%\) confidence interval for the true difference in population means. Test the null hypothesis that the population means are identical at the 0.05 level of significance.

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asked 2021-02-01

As a vaccine scientist, you are required to test your newly developed vaccine in two different populations, populations Xand Y to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. There are 3190 subjects from database X and 6094 subjects from database Therefore, you must select a number of subjects from populations X and Y to form a group. The newly formed of group must consist of subjects from both populations without repetition. The maximum number of groups which can be formed is denoted as d.
(1) Use Euclidean algorithm to find \(d= GCD(X, Y).\)
2) Find the integers s and tsuch that \(d = sX + tY\)
3) With the answer obtained from a, what is the ratio of subjects selected from population \(X\ and\ Y, PX : PY.\)
4) Find Least Common Multiple for \(X\ and\ Y, LCM(X, Y).\)

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asked 2020-12-28

Is statistical inference intuitive to babies? In other words, are babies able to generalize from sample to population? In this study,1 8-month-old infants watched someone draw a sample of five balls from an opaque box. Each sample consisted of four balls of one color (red or white) and one ball of the other color. After observing the sample, the side of the box was lifted so the infants could see all of the balls inside (the population). Some boxes had an “expected” population, with balls in the same color proportions as the sample, while other boxes had an “unexpected” population, with balls in the opposite color proportion from the sample. Babies looked at the unexpected populations for an average of 9.9 seconds (\(sd = 4.5\) seconds) and the expected populations for an average of 7.5 seconds (\(sd = 4.2\) seconds). The sample size in each group was 20, and you may assume the data in each group are reasonably normally distributed. Is this convincing evidence that babies look longer at the unexpected population, suggesting that they make inferences about the population from the sample? Let group 1 and group 2 be the time spent looking at the unexpected and expected populations, respectively. A) Calculate the relevant sample statistic. Enter the exact answer. Sample statistic: _____

B) Calculate the t-statistic. Round your answer to two decimal places. t-statistic = ___________

C) Find the p-value. Round your answer to three decimal places. p-value =__________

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asked 2020-11-03

The sampling distribution of \(\frac{S_{1}^{2}}{S_{2}^{2}}\) is the \(\chi^2 \) distribution. Give a correct answer true or false inference for two population variances is done through their difference.

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asked 2021-02-25

Iron is very important for babies' growth. A common belief is that breastfeeding will help the baby to get more iron than formula feeding. To justify the belief, a study followed 2 groups of babies from born to 6 months. With one group babies are breast fed, and the other group are formula fed without iron supplements. Data below shows iron levels of those two groups of babies.

\(\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline Group & Sample\ size & mean & Standard\ deviation \\ \hline Breast-fed & 23 & 13.3 & 1.7 \\ \hline Formula-fed & 23 & 12.4 & 1.8 \\ \hline DIFF = Breast-Formula & 23 & 0.9 & 1.4 \\ \hline \end{array}\)

(1) There are two groups we need to compare for the study: Breast-Fed and Formula- Fed. Are those two groups dependent or independent? Based on your answer, what inference procedure should we apply for this research?

(2) Please perform the inference you decided in (1), and make sure to follow the 5-step procedure for any hypothesis test.

(3) Based on your conclusion in (2), what kind of error could you make? Explain the type of error using the context words for this research

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asked 2021-01-05

Give full and correct answer for this questions 1) A t-test is a ? 2) Which of the following statement is true? a)The less likely one is to commit a type I error, the more likely one is to commit a type II error, b) A type I error has occurred when a false null hypothesis has been wrongly accepted. c) A type I error has occurred when a two-tailed test has been performed instead of a one-tailed test, d) None of the above statements is true. 3)Regarding the Central Limit Theorem, which of the following statement is NOT true? a.The mean of the population of sample means taken from a population is equal to the mean of the original population. b. The frequency distribution of the population of sample means taken from a population that is not normally distributed will approach normality as the sample size increases. c. The standard deviation of the population of sample means is equal to the standard deviation of the, original population. d. The frequency distribution of the population of sample means taken from a population that is not normally distributed will show less dispersion as the sample size increases.

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asked 2021-01-06

Give the correct answer and solve given
a. Test for a difference in the means in the two populations using an \([\alpha={.05}{t}-{t}{e}{s}{t}.]\)
b. Place a 95% confidence interval on the difference in the means of the two populations.
c. Compare the inferences obtained from the results from the Wilcoxon rank sum test and the -test.
d. Which inferences appear to be more valid, inferences on the means or the medians?

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asked 2021-01-27

\(\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline & Housework Hours \\ \hline Gender & Sample\ Size & Mean & Standard\ Deviation \\ \hline Women & 473473 & 33.133.1 & 14.214.2 \\ \hline Men & 488488 & 18.618.6 & 15.715.7 \\ \end{array}\)

a. Based on this study, calculate how many more hours per week, on the average, women spend on housework than men.

b. Find the standard error for comparing the means. What factor causes the standard error to be small compared to the sample standard deviations for the two groups? The cause the standard error to be small compared to the sample standard deviations for the two groups.

c. Calculate the 95% confidence interval comparing the population means for women Interpret the result including the relevance of 0 being within the interval or not. The 95% confidence interval for \(\displaystyle{\left(\mu_{{W}}-\mu_{{M}}\right)}\) is: (Round to two decimal places as needed.) The values in the 95% confidence interval are less than 0, are greater than 0, include 0, which implies that the population mean for women could be the same as is less than is greater than the population mean for men.

d. State the assumptions upon which the interval in part c is based. Upon which assumptions below is the interval based? Select all that apply.

A.The standard deviations of the two populations are approximately equal.

B.The population distribution for each group is approximately normal.

C.The samples from the two groups are independent.

D.The samples from the two groups are random.

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asked 2021-03-06

Give a full answer to given question

1) An independent-measures study uses ?

2) An independent-measures study uses two samples, each with \(n = 13\), to compare two treatment conditions. What is the df value for the t statistic for this study?

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asked 2021-03-08

Describe a possible application of hypothesis testing to a business setting. The application you describe need not be a real one (one that has actually occurred), it can be an application that you invent. You should describe a) what the business setting is b) what data you would use c) what null hypothesis you would test and what the alternative hypothesis is. d) what type of test you would use e) You should explain what level of significance you would use and why. f) You should explain how to interpret the outcome of the test: what does it tell you if you could reject or could not reject the null hypothesis? g) Finally, you should explain the possible advantages of using hypothesis testing in this application and its possible downsides dangers (when how using a hypothesis test could lead to mistaken inferences or erroneous decisions).

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Answer 1

a) here option B is correct. See here we are interested in the proportion of US adults who have positive opinion about media. So here, there is only one group, that is the group of US adults. In this group we are interested in knowing the proportion of individuals who have positive opinion about media. So option B is correct and A is wrong.

b) Here option A is correct. Here we have two group of inviduals: Group 1. Female students of the university. Group 2. Male students of the university. From both the groups we are calculating the proportion of individuals who live in a dorm and then comparing between them. Hence option A is correct and B is wrong.

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Situations comparing two proportions are described. In each case, determine whether the situation involves

Situations comparing two proportions are described. In each case, determine whether the situation involves

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