The prevalence of breast cancer in women over 40 in country X is estimated to be 0.8% (i.e., 8 in every 1,000 women in that age group).
Mammograms test for the presence of breast cancer. A positive result indicates that the disease is present. A negative result indicates that it is not.
The sensitivity of a mammogram test for breast cancer is estimated to be 90%. This is the probability that the mammogram will give a positive result when the person being tested does have breast cancer.
The false positive rate for the mammogram is 7.5%. This is the probability that the mammogram will give a positive test result when the person being tested does not have breast cancer.
All women who test positive (816) in the mammogram are referred for a further, different examination, which however has the same sensitivity and false positive rates as the first test.
What is the probability that a woman referred for this examination and testing positive again, actually does have breast cancer?