Let us forst determine the row/column totals of the given table, which is the sum of all counts in the corresponding row/column.
\(\begin{array}{ll|c|c|c} && \text { Nondiabetic } & \text { Prediabetic } & \text { Diabetic }&\text{Row total} \\ \hline & \text { None } & 754 & 362 & 38&754+362+38=1154 \\ \hline & \text { One or more } & 31 & 13 & 9&31+13+9=53\\ \hline & \text{Column total}&754+31=785&362+13=375&38+9=47&1154+53=1207 \end{array}\)
We note that the table contains data about 1207 women (as 1207 is mentioned in the bottom right corner of the above table). Next, we note that 53 of the 1207 women had a child with one or more birth defects (as 53 is mentioned in the row "One or more” and in the column "Row Total” of the above table). \(\displaystyle{\frac{{{53}}}{{{1207}}}}\approx{0.0439}\) Thus a proportion of 0.0439 women had a child with one or more birth defects.
