Can we say something about roots of quadatric

Sanaa Roman

Sanaa Roman

Answered question

2022-03-18

Can we say something about roots of quadatric equation whose coefficient consists of terms that tend to 0?
I am particularly interested in discussing the solution of ϵ1x2+(ϵ2+a)x+(ϵ3+b)=0 where a>0,b>0 are constants and ϵ1,ϵ2,ϵ30. Looking at the equation , I can think that one solution is ba and other solution must tend to (similar things happen for ϵx2+ax+b=0). But, how can i prove this mathematically?

Answer & Explanation

stadfeste8ru

stadfeste8ru

Beginner2022-03-19Added 9 answers

Clearly, for any ϵ10, the solutions of your quadratic equation are
x1,2=12ϵ1((ϵ2+a)±(ϵ2+a)24ϵ1(ϵ3+b)).
For ϵ10, we can use
x+a=x1+ax=x(1+a2x+O{(ax)2}) for axll1 and thus
x1,2=12ϵ1((ϵ2+a)±(ϵ2+a)(12ϵ1(ϵ3+b)(ϵ2+a)2+O{(ϵ1(ϵ3+b)(ϵ2+a)2)2})).
For a0 the first-order expansion becomes asymptotically exact for ϵ10 and we thus have
x112ϵ12ϵ1(ϵ3+b)ϵ2+a=ϵ3+bϵ2+a,
converging to ba. For x2 we have
x212ϵ1(2(ϵ2+a)+2ϵ1(ϵ3+b)ϵ2+a)=ϵ2+aϵ1ϵ3+bϵ2+a,
which diverges for ϵ10 provided that a0.

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