Showing that: \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\root(n)(n!)}{n}=\frac{1}{e}

Monique Slaughter

Monique Slaughter

Answered question

2022-01-16

Showing that:
limnn!nn=1e

Answer & Explanation

Terry Ray

Terry Ray

Beginner2022-01-16Added 50 answers

Have not found a way to rewrite your expression to get the desired result. However, here is a suggested approach.
Maybe rewrite the left-hand side as
n!nnn
Take the logarithm. We get
1n(log(1n)+log(2n)+log(3n)++log(nn))
Now think of the above sum as a Riemann sum for the not quite proper integral
01logxdx
alenahelenash

alenahelenash

Expert2022-01-24Added 556 answers

If 0, then the following inequality holds:
limn an+1anlimn annlimn an+1an
Now let an=n!/nn. Then it follows that
an+1an=(n+1)!(n+1)n+1n!nn=1(1+1n)n
and hence
limn infan+1an=limn supan+1an=1e
This proves that anne1

user_27qwe

user_27qwe

Skilled2022-01-24Added 375 answers

I would like to use the following lemma:
If limnan=a and an>0 for all n, then we have
limna1a2ann=a  (1)
Let an=(1+1n)n, then an>0 for all n and limnan=e. Applying (*) we have
e=limna1a2ann=limn(21)1(32)2(n+1n)nn=limn(n+1)nn!n(2)=limnnn!n
where we use (1) in the last equality to show that limn1n!n=0
It follows from (2) that
limnn!nn=1e

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