# Which one of the following species has a many electrons

Which one of the following species has a many electrons as it has neutrons?
Select one:
a. $14C$
b. $14{C}^{2+}$
c. $40C{a}^{2+}$
d. $1H$
e. $19{F}^{-}$
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Mary Nicholson
Step 1
In the nuclide symbol of an atom,
$z{X}^{A}$
Z-represents the atomic number which is number of protons present in an atom.
X- element symbol.
A-Mass number which is the sum of number of protons and number of neutrons present in its nucleus.
Hence,
$\text{number of neutrons in an atom}=\text{mass number}\left(A\right)-\text{atomic number}\left(Z\right)$
Step 2
a. $6{C}^{14}$
This nuclide has atomic number 6.
Means this atom has six protons and six electrons.
Mass number $=14$.
$\text{number of neutrons in an atom}=\text{mass number}\left(A\right)-\text{atomic number}\left(Z\right)$
Hence, $\text{Number of neutrons}=14-6=8$
So, number of neutrons are more than number of electrons.
This is not the correct option.
Step 3
b. $14{C}^{2+}$
Atomic number of carbon is six.
Mass number $=14$
Since it has +2 charge, so the number of electrons $=6-2=4$
$\text{number of neutrons in an atom}=\text{mass number}\left(A\right)-\text{atomic number}\left(Z\right)$.
Number of neutrons $=14-6=8$
So, number of neutrons are more than number of electrons.
This is not the correct option.
Step 4
c. $40C{a}^{2+}$
Atomic number is 20.
So, number of protons $=20$.
Mass number is 40.
$\text{number of neutrons in an atom}=\text{mass number}\left(A\right)-\text{atomic number}\left(Z\right)$
So, number of neutrons $=40-20=20$
Since it is a positive ion with charge +2.
So, number of electrons $=20-2=18$
Number of electrons are less than number of neutrons.
So, this is not the correct option.
Step 5
e. $19{F}^{-}$
Mass number $=19$
Atomic number $=9$
$\text{number of neutrons in an atom}=\text{mass number}\left(A\right)-\text{atomic number}\left(Z\right)$
Number of neutrons $=19-9=10$
Since, it is a negative ion, it is formed by gaining electron.
-1 charge indicates that the atom gained one electrons.
Hence,
number of electrons $=9+1=10$
This is not the correct option.
because in this nuclide,
$\text{number of neutrons}=\text{number of electrons}$.
Step 6
d. 1H
Atomic number $=1$
Mass number $=1$
$\text{number of neutrons in an atom}=\text{mass number}\left(A\right)-\text{atomic number}\left(Z\right)$.
Number of neutrons $=1-1=0$
It has one electron.
Since it is a neutral atom, so number of electrons = number of protons.
Hence, the given nuclide has one electron and no neutrons.
This is the correct option.

Orlando Paz
To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom we will use the following information.
- The number of protons in an atom is the same as the atomic number of that element.
- The number of protons plus the number of neutrons gives the mass number of an isotope of an atom. Therefore, subtracting the number of protons from the mass number will give the number of neutrons in an isotope.
- To determine the number of electrons we need to subtract the ion charge from the number of protons.
For each of the answer choices, we will use the above information to determine the following numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
a. $14C=6{p}^{+},14-6=8n,6-0=6{e}^{-}$
b. $14{C}^{+2}=6{p}^{+},14-6=8n,6-\left({2}^{+}\right)=4e$
c. $40C{a}^{2+}=20{p}^{+},40-20=20n,20-\left({2}^{+}\right)=18e$
d. $1H=1{p}^{+},1-1=0n,1-0=1{e}^{-}$
e. $19{F}^{1-}=9{p}^{+},19-9=10n,9-\left(1-\right)=10{e}^{-}$
From this information we see that c. $19{F}^{1-}$ has an equal number of neutrons and electrons with 10 of each.

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