Step 1-Introduction
Here's the explanation is as follows,
A scatter plot is a type of graph that shows pairs of data plotted as points.
You can use a scatter plot to analyze trends in your data and to help you to determine whether or not there is a relationship between two variables. A scatter plot can show a positive relationship, a negative relationship, or no relationship.
If the points on the scatter plot seem to form a line that slants up from left to right, there is a positive relationship or positive correlation between the variables.
If the points on the scatter plot seem to form a line that slants down from left to right, there is a negative relationship or negative correlation between the variables.
If the points on the scatter plot seem to be scattered randomly, there is no relationship or no correlation between the variables.
Step 2
Take note that , Scatter plots are similar to line graphs in that they use horizontal and vertical axes to plot data points. However, they have a very specific purpose. Scatter plots show how much one variable is affected by another. The relationship between two variables is called their correlation .
If the data points make a straight line going from the origin out to high x- and y-values, then the variables are said to have a positive correlation .
,
Note that ,
Values between 0 and 0.3 indicate a weak positive linear relationship.
Values between 0.3 and 0.7 indicate a moderate positive linear relationship.
Values between 0.7 and 1.0 indicate a strong positive linear relationship
Unusual points Each of the four scatterplots that follow shows a cluster of points and one “stray” point. For each, answer these questions:
1) In what way is the point unusual? Does it have high leverage, a large residual, or both?
2) Do you think that point is an influential point?
3) If that point were removed, would the correlation be- come stronger or weaker? Explain.
4) If that point were removed, would the slope of the re- gression line increase or decrease? Explain
Make a scatterplot of the data. Use 87 for 1987.
When two targets are presented close together in a rapid visual stream, the second target is often missed. Psychologists call this phenomenon the attentional blink (AB). A study published in Advances in Cognitive Psychology (July 2013) investigated whether simultaneous or preceding sounds could reduce AB. Twenty subjects were presented a rapid visual stream of symbols and letters on a computer screen and asked to identify the first and second letters (the targets). After several trials, the subject's AB magnitude was measured as the difference between the percentages of first target and second target letters correctly identified. Each subject performed the task under each of three conditions. In the Simultaneous condition, a sound (tone) was presented simultaneously with the second target; in the Alert condition, a sound was presented prior to the coming of the second target; and in the No-Tone condition, no sound was presented with the second target. Scatterplots of AB magnitude for each possible pair of conditions are shown below as well as the least squares line for each.
a. Which pair of conditions produces the least squares line with the steepest estimated slope?
b. Which pair of conditions produces the least squares line with the largest SSE?
c. Which pair of conditions produces the least squares line with the smallest estimate of
Construct a scatterplot and identify the mathematical model that best fits the given data.