# Find the Laplace transformation (evaluating the improper integral that defines this transformation) of the real valued function f(t) of the real variable t>0. (Assume the parameter s appearing in the Laplace transformation, as a real variable). f{{left({t}right)}}={2}{t}^{2}-{4} cosh{{left({3}{t}right)}}+{e}^{{{t}^{2}}}

Question
Laplace transform
Find the Laplace transformation (evaluating the improper integral that defines this transformation) of the real valued function f(t) of the real variable t>0. (Assume the parameter s appearing in the Laplace transformation, as a real variable).
$$f{{\left({t}\right)}}={2}{t}^{2}-{4} \cosh{{\left({3}{t}\right)}}+{e}^{{{t}^{2}}}$$

2021-03-05
here $$f{{\left({t}\right)}}={2}{t}^{2}-{4} \cosh{{\left({3}{t}\right)}}+{e}^{{{t}^{2}}}$$
we know that
$${L}{\left\lbrace{t}^{n}\right\rbrace}=\frac{{{n}!}}{{{s}^{{{n}+{1}}}}},{L}{\left\lbrace \cosh{{\left({a}{t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}=\frac{s}{{{s}^{2}-{a}^{2}}}$$
$${L}{\left\lbrace{e}^{{{t}^{2}}}\right\rbrace}={F}{\left(\frac{s}{{2}}\right)}-\frac{1}{{2}}{i}\sqrt{\pi}\cdot{e}^{{-\frac{{s}^{2}}{{4}}}}$$
Also , $${L}{\left\lbrace f{{\left({t}\right)}}+ g{{\left({t}\right)}}+{h}{\left({t}\right)}\right\rbrace}={L}{\left\lbrace f{{\left({t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}+{L}{\left\lbrace g{{\left({t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}+{L}{\left\lbrace{h}{\left({t}\right)}\right\rbrace}$$
Taking Laplace transform of eq
$${L}{\left\lbrace f{{\left({t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}={L}{\left\lbrace{2}{t}^{2}-{4} \cosh{{\left({3}{t}\right)}}+{e}^{{{t}^{2}}}\right\rbrace}$$
$$={2}{L}{\left\lbrace{t}^{2}\right\rbrace}-{4}{L}{\left\lbrace \cosh{{\left({3}{t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}+{L}{\left\lbrace{e}^{{{t}^{2}}}\right\rbrace}$$
$$={2}\cdot\frac{{{2}!}}{{{s}^{{{2}+{1}}}}}-{4}\frac{{{s}}}{{{s}^{2}-{3}^{2}}}+{F}{\left(\frac{s}{{2}}\right)}-\frac{1}{{2}}{i}\sqrt{\pi}\cdot{e}^{{-\frac{{s}^{2}}{{4}}}}$$
$${L}{\left\lbrace f{{\left({t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}=\frac{4}{{s}^{3}}-\frac{{{4}{s}}}{{{s}^{2}-{9}}}+{F}{\left(\frac{s}{{2}}\right)}-\frac{1}{{2}}{i}\sqrt{\pi}\cdot{e}^{{-\frac{{s}^{2}}{{4}}}}$$
Step 2
This is required Laplace transformation of given f(t).

### Relevant Questions

$$\text{Laplace transforms A powerful tool in solving problems in engineering and physics is the Laplace transform. Given a function f(t), the Laplace transform is a new function F(s) defined by }$$
$$F(s)=\int_0^\infty e^{-st} f(t)dt \(\text{where we assume s is a positive real number. For example, to find the Laplace transform of } f(t)=e^{-t} \text{ , the following improper integral is evaluated using integration by parts:} \(F(s)=\int_0^\infty e^{-st}e^{-t}dt=\int_0^\infty e^{-(s+1)t}dt=\frac{1}{s+1}$$
$$\text{ Verify the following Laplace transforms, where u is a real number. }$$
$$f(t)=t \rightarrow F(s)=\frac{1}{s^2}$$
Laplace transforms A powerful tool in solving problems in engineering and physics is the Laplace transform. Given a function f(t), the Laplace transform is a new function F(s) defined by
$$F(s)=\int_0^\infty e^{-st}f(t)dt$$
where we assume s is a positive real number. For example, to find the Laplace transform of f(t) = e^{-t}, the following improper integral is evaluated using integration by parts:
$$F(s)=\int_0^\infty e^{-st}e^{-t}dt=\int_0^\infty e^{-(s+1)t}dt=\frac{1}{(s+1)}$$
Verify the following Laplace transforms, where u is a real number.
$$f(t)=1 \rightarrow F(s)=\frac{1}{s}$$

A random sample of $$n_1 = 14$$ winter days in Denver gave a sample mean pollution index $$x_1 = 43$$.
Previous studies show that $$\sigma_1 = 19$$.
For Englewood (a suburb of Denver), a random sample of $$n_2 = 12$$ winter days gave a sample mean pollution index of $$x_2 = 37$$.
Previous studies show that $$\sigma_2 = 13$$.
Assume the pollution index is normally distributed in both Englewood and Denver.
(a) State the null and alternate hypotheses.
$$H_0:\mu_1=\mu_2.\mu_1>\mu_2$$
$$H_0:\mu_1<\mu_2.\mu_1=\mu_2$$
$$H_0:\mu_1=\mu_2.\mu_1<\mu_2$$
$$H_0:\mu_1=\mu_2.\mu_1\neq\mu_2$$
(b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? NKS The Student's t. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with known standard deviations.
The standard normal. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with unknown standard deviations.
The standard normal. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with known standard deviations.
The Student's t. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with unknown standard deviations.
(c) What is the value of the sample test statistic? Compute the corresponding z or t value as appropriate.
(Test the difference $$\mu_1 - \mu_2$$. Round your answer to two decimal places.) NKS (d) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
(e) Based on your answers in parts (i)−(iii), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level \alpha?
At the $$\alpha = 0.01$$ level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.
At the $$\alpha = 0.01$$ level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
At the $$\alpha = 0.01$$ level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
At the $$\alpha = 0.01$$ level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.
(f) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.
Reject the null hypothesis, there is insufficient evidence that there is a difference in mean pollution index for Englewood and Denver.
Reject the null hypothesis, there is sufficient evidence that there is a difference in mean pollution index for Englewood and Denver.
Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is insufficient evidence that there is a difference in mean pollution index for Englewood and Denver.
Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is sufficient evidence that there is a difference in mean pollution index for Englewood and Denver. (g) Find a 99% confidence interval for
$$\mu_1 - \mu_2$$.
(Round your answers to two decimal places.)
lower limit
upper limit
(h) Explain the meaning of the confidence interval in the context of the problem.
Because the interval contains only positive numbers, this indicates that at the 99% confidence level, the mean population pollution index for Englewood is greater than that of Denver.
Because the interval contains both positive and negative numbers, this indicates that at the 99% confidence level, we can not say that the mean population pollution index for Englewood is different than that of Denver.
Because the interval contains both positive and negative numbers, this indicates that at the 99% confidence level, the mean population pollution index for Englewood is greater than that of Denver.
Because the interval contains only negative numbers, this indicates that at the 99% confidence level, the mean population pollution index for Englewood is less than that of Denver.
In an integro-differential equation, the unknown dependent variable y appears within an integral, and its derivative $$\frac{dy}{dt}$$ also appears. Consider the following initial value problem, defined for t > 0:
$$\frac{{{\left.{d}{y}\right.}}}{{{\left.{d}{t}\right.}}}+{4}{\int_{{0}}^{{t}}}{y}{\left({t}-{w}\right)}{e}^{{-{4}{w}}}{d}{w}={3},{y}{\left({0}\right)}={0}$$
a) Use convolution and Laplace transforms to find the Laplace transform of the solution.
$${Y}{\left({s}\right)}={L}{\left\lbrace{y}{\left({t}\right)}\right)}{\rbrace}-?$$
b) Obtain the solution y(t).
y(t) - ?
Use Theorem 7.4.2 to evaluate the given Laplace transform. Do not evaluate the convolution integral before transforming.(Write your answer as a function of s.)
$${L}{\left\lbrace{e}^{{-{t}}}\cdot{e}^{t} \cos{{\left({t}\right)}}\right\rbrace}$$
Let f(t) be a function on $$\displaystyle{\left[{0},\infty\right)}$$. The Laplace transform of fis the function F defined by the integral $$\displaystyle{F}{\left({s}\right)}={\int_{{0}}^{\infty}}{e}^{{-{s}{t}}} f{{\left({t}\right)}}{\left.{d}{t}\right.}$$ . Use this definition to determine the Laplace transform of the following function.
$$\displaystyle f{{\left({t}\right)}}={\left\lbrace\begin{matrix}{1}-{t}&{0}<{t}<{1}\\{0}&{1}<{t}\end{matrix}\right.}$$
For the function
$$f(t)=e^t$$
$$g(t)=e^{-2t}$$
$$0\leq t < \infty$$
compute in two different ways:
a) By directly evaluating the integral in the defination of $$f \cdot g$$
b) By computing $$L^{-1}\left\{F(s)G(s)\right\} \text{ where } F(s)=L\left\{f(t)\right\} \text{ and } G(s)=L\left\{g(t)\right\}$$
$$f(t)=3e^{2t}$$
Determine L[f]
Let f be a function defined on an interval $$[0,\infty)$$
The Laplace transform of f is the function F(s) defined by
$$F(s) =\int_0^\infty e^{-st}f(t)dt$$
provided that the improper integral converges. We will usually denote the Laplace transform of f by L[f].
Part II
29.[Poles] (a) For each of the pole diagrams below:
(i) Describe common features of all functions f(t) whose Laplace transforms have the given pole diagram.
(ii) Write down two examples of such f(t) and F(s).
The diagrams are: $$(1) {1,i,-i}. (2) {-1+4i,-1-4i}. (3) {-1}. (4)$$ The empty diagram.
(b) A mechanical system is discovered during an archaeological dig in Ethiopia. Rather than break it open, the investigators subjected it to a unit impulse. It was found that the motion of the system in response to the unit impulse is given by $$w(t) = u(t)e^{-\frac{t}{2}} \sin(\frac{3t}{2})$$
(i) What is the characteristic polynomial of the system? What is the transfer function W(s)?
(ii) Sketch the pole diagram of the system.
(ii) The team wants to transport this artifact to a museum. They know that vibrations from the truck that moves it result in vibrations of the system. They hope to avoid circular frequencies to which the system response has the greatest amplitude. What frequency should they avoid?
Find the Laplace transform of $$\displaystyle f{{\left({t}\right)}}={t}{e}^{{-{t}}} \sin{{\left({2}{t}\right)}}$$
Then you obtain $$\displaystyle{F}{\left({s}\right)}=\frac{{{4}{s}+{a}}}{{\left({\left({s}+{1}\right)}^{2}+{4}\right)}^{2}}$$