Determine the notation for the following probabilities from a sample

coexpennan

coexpennan

Answered question

2021-09-16

Determine the notation for the following probabilities from a sample of 30 randomly selected Americans.
a. Exactly 10 out of 30 randomly selected Americans are smokers.
b. Exactly 25 out of 30 randomly selected Americans are non-smokers.

Answer & Explanation

Brighton

Brighton

Skilled2021-09-17Added 103 answers

a) According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2016, the probability that a randomly selected U.S. adult smoked cigarette is,
p(smoked)=15%
=0.15
Assuming that all four conditions for a binomial experiment are satisfied, the given experiment will be a binomial experiment. The sample size is represented by the variable n. 30 Americans are chosen at random. Hence, the sample size will be 30, that is, n=30.
Success will be the event that a randomly selected American smokes cigarette. 15% of Americans smoked cigarettes. So, the probability of a success (p) is,
p=P(ess)
=P(smoke)
=15%
=0.15
The required binomial probability is the probability that states exactly 10 out of 30 randomly selected Americans are smokers. Therefore, 10 trials are required to be a success, from a total of 30 trials. Hence, the number of successes is 10, that is, x=10.
Binomial probability is written in the form b(n,p,x). Substitute 30 for n, 0.15 for p, and 10 for x. The notation for the required binomial probability is,
b(n,p,x)=b(30,0.15,10)
b) Success will be the event that a randomly selected American did not smoke cigarettes. 15% of Americans smoked cigarettes. So, the percent of Americans who did not smoke cigarettes is,
Percentage of Americans who did not smoke =100%
-Percentage of Americans who smoked
=100%15%
=85%
The probability of a success (p) is,
p=P(ess)
=P(did not smoke)
=85%
=0.85
The required binomial probability is the probability that exactly 25 out of 30 randomly selected Americans are non-smokers. Thus, the number of successes is 25, that is, x=25.
Binomial probability is written in the form b(n,p,x). Substitute 30 for n, 0.85 for p, and 25 for x. The notation for the required binomial probability is,
b(n,p,x)=b(30,0.85,25)

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