Use the change-of-base theorem to find an approximation to four decimal places for each logarithm displaystyle{{log}_{{2}}{5}}

Question
Modeling data distributions
Use the change-of-base theorem to find an approximation to four decimal places for each logarithm $$\displaystyle{{\log}_{{2}}{5}}$$

2021-02-10
Given, $$\displaystyle{{\log}_{{2}}{5}}$$
Change to base 10, we get
$$\displaystyle{{\log}_{{2}}{5}}=\frac{{ \log{{5}}}}{{ \log{{2}}}}:'{{\log}_{{b}}{x}}=\frac{{{{\log}_{{a}}{x}}}}{{{{\log}_{{a}}{b}}}}$$
$$\displaystyle=\frac{0.69897}{{0.0301029}}$$
$$\displaystyle={2.3219}$$
Therefore,
$$\displaystyle{{\log}_{{2}}{5}}={2.3219}$$

Relevant Questions

A random sample of $$\displaystyle{n}_{{1}}={16}$$ communities in western Kansas gave the following information for people under 25 years of age.
$$\displaystyle{X}_{{1}}:$$ Rate of hay fever per 1000 population for people under 25
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline 97 & 91 & 121 & 129 & 94 & 123 & 112 &93\\ \hline 125 & 95 & 125 & 117 & 97 & 122 & 127 & 88 \\ \hline \end{array}$$
A random sample of $$\displaystyle{n}_{{2}}={14}$$ regions in western Kansas gave the following information for people over 50 years old.
$$\displaystyle{X}_{{2}}:$$ Rate of hay fever per 1000 population for people over 50
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline 94 & 109 & 99 & 95 & 113 & 88 & 110\\ \hline 79 & 115 & 100 & 89 & 114 & 85 & 96\\ \hline \end{array}$$
(i) Use a calculator to calculate $$\displaystyle\overline{{x}}_{{1}},{s}_{{1}},\overline{{x}}_{{2}},{\quad\text{and}\quad}{s}_{{2}}.$$ (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
(ii) Assume that the hay fever rate in each age group has an approximately normal distribution. Do the data indicate that the age group over 50 has a lower rate of hay fever? Use $$\displaystyle\alpha={0.05}.$$
(a) What is the level of significance?
State the null and alternate hypotheses.
$$\displaystyle{H}_{{0}}:\mu_{{1}}=\mu_{{2}},{H}_{{1}}:\mu_{{1}}<\mu_{{2}}$$
$$\displaystyle{H}_{{0}}:\mu_{{1}}=\mu_{{2}},{H}_{{1}}:\mu_{{1}}>\mu_{{2}}$$
$$\displaystyle{H}_{{0}}:\mu_{{1}}=\mu_{{2}},{H}_{{1}}:\mu_{{1}}\ne\mu_{{2}}$$
$$\displaystyle{H}_{{0}}:\mu_{{1}}>\mu_{{2}},{H}_{{1}}:\mu_{{1}}=\mu_{{12}}$$
(b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making?
The standard normal. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with known standard deviations.
The Student's t. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with unknown standard deviations,
The standard normal. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with unknown standard deviations,
The Student's t. We assume that both population distributions are approximately normal with known standard deviations,
What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Test the difference $$\displaystyle\mu_{{1}}-\mu_{{2}}$$. Round your answer to three decimalplaces.)
What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Test the difference $$\displaystyle\mu_{{1}}-\mu_{{2}}$$. Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(c) Find (or estimate) the P-value.
P-value $$\displaystyle>{0.250}$$
$$\displaystyle{0.125}<{P}-\text{value}<{0},{250}$$
$$\displaystyle{0},{050}<{P}-\text{value}<{0},{125}$$
$$\displaystyle{0},{025}<{P}-\text{value}<{0},{050}$$
$$\displaystyle{0},{005}<{P}-\text{value}<{0},{025}$$
P-value $$\displaystyle<{0.005}$$
Sketch the sampling distribution and show the area corresponding to the P-value.
P.vaiue Pevgiue
P-value f P-value
An automobile tire manufacturer collected the data in the table relating tire pressure x​ (in pounds per square​ inch) and mileage​ (in thousands of​ miles). A mathematical model for the data is given by
$$\displaystyle​ f{{\left({x}\right)}}=-{0.554}{x}^{2}+{35.5}{x}-{514}.$$
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline x & Mileage \\ \hline 28 & 45 \\ \hline 30 & 51\\ \hline 32 & 56\\ \hline 34 & 50\\ \hline 36 & 46\\ \hline \end{array}$$
​(A) Complete the table below.
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline x & Mileage & f(x) \\ \hline 28 & 45 \\ \hline 30 & 51\\ \hline 32 & 56\\ \hline 34 & 50\\ \hline 36 & 46\\ \hline \end{array}$$
​(Round to one decimal place as​ needed.)
$$A. 20602060xf(x)$$
A coordinate system has a horizontal x-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2 and a vertical y-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2. Data points are plotted at (28,45), (30,51), (32,56), (34,50), and (36,46). A parabola opens downward and passes through the points (28,45.7), (30,52.4), (32,54.7), (34,52.6), and (36,46.0). All points are approximate.
$$B. 20602060xf(x)$$
Acoordinate system has a horizontal x-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2 and a vertical y-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2.
Data points are plotted at (43,30), (45,36), (47,41), (49,35), and (51,31). A parabola opens downward and passes through the points (43,30.7), (45,37.4), (47,39.7), (49,37.6), and (51,31). All points are approximate.
$$C. 20602060xf(x)$$
A coordinate system has a horizontal x-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2 and a vertical y-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2. Data points are plotted at (43,45), (45,51), (47,56), (49,50), and (51,46). A parabola opens downward and passes through the points (43,45.7), (45,52.4), (47,54.7), (49,52.6), and (51,46.0). All points are approximate.
$$D.20602060xf(x)$$
A coordinate system has a horizontal x-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2 and a vertical y-axis labeled from 20 to 60 in increments of 2. Data points are plotted at (28,30), (30,36), (32,41), (34,35), and (36,31). A parabola opens downward and passes through the points (28,30.7), (30,37.4), (32,39.7), (34,37.6), and (36,31). All points are approximate.
​(C) Use the modeling function​ f(x) to estimate the mileage for a tire pressure of 29
$$\displaystyle​\frac{{{l}{b}{s}}}{{{s}{q}}}\in.$$ and for 35
$$\displaystyle​\frac{{{l}{b}{s}}}{{{s}{q}}}\in.$$
The mileage for the tire pressure $$\displaystyle{29}\frac{{{l}{b}{s}}}{{{s}{q}}}\in.$$ is
The mileage for the tire pressure $$\displaystyle{35}\frac{{{l}{b}{s}}}{{{s}{q}}}$$ in. is
(Round to two decimal places as​ needed.)
(D) Write a brief description of the relationship between tire pressure and mileage.
A. As tire pressure​ increases, mileage decreases to a minimum at a certain tire​ pressure, then begins to increase.
B. As tire pressure​ increases, mileage decreases.
C. As tire pressure​ increases, mileage increases to a maximum at a certain tire​ pressure, then begins to decrease.
D. As tire pressure​ increases, mileage increases.
Are yields for organic farming different from conventional farming yields? Independent random samples from method A (organic farming) and method B (conventional farming) gave the following information about yield of sweet corn (in tons/acre). $$\text{Method} A: 6.51, 7.02, 6.81, 7.27, 6.73, 6.11, 6.17, 5.88, 6.69, 7.12, 5.74, 6.90.$$
$$\text{Method} B: 7.32, 7.01, 6.66, 6.85, 5.78, 6.48, 5.95, 6.31, 6.50, 5.93, 6.68.$$ Use a 5% level of significance to test the claim that there is no difference between the yield distributions. (a) What is the level of significance? (b) Compute the sample test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.) (c) Find the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
What is the optimal time for a scuba diver to be on the bottom of the ocean? That depends on the depth of the dive. The U.S. Navy has done a lot of research on this topic. The Navy defines the "optimal time" to be the time at each depth for the best balance between length of work period and decompression time after surfacing. Let $$\displaystyle{x}=$$ depth of dive in meters, and let $$\displaystyle{y}=$$ optimal time in hours. A random sample of divers gave the following data.
$$\begin{array}{|c|c|} \hline x & 13.1 & 23.3 & 31.2 & 38.3 & 51.3 &20.5 & 22.7 \\ \hline y & 2.78 & 2.18 & 1.48 & 1.03 & 0.75 & 2.38 & 2.20 \\ \hline \end{array}$$
(a)
Find $$\displaystyleΣ{x},Σ{y},Σ{x}^{2},Σ{y}^{2},Σ{x}{y},{\quad\text{and}\quad}{r}$$. (Round r to three decimal places.)
$$\displaystyleΣ{x}=$$
$$\displaystyleΣ{y}=$$
$$\displaystyleΣ{x}^{2}=$$
$$\displaystyleΣ{y}^{2}=$$
$$\displaystyleΣ{x}{y}=$$
$$\displaystyle{r}=$$
(b)
Use a $$1\%$$ level of significance to test the claim that $$\displaystyle\rho<{0}$$. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
$$\displaystyle{t}=$$
critical $$\displaystyle{t}=$$
Conclusion
Reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that $$\displaystyle\rho<{0}$$.Reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence that $$\displaystyle\rho<{0}$$.
Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is sufficient evidence that $$\displaystyle\rho<{0}$$.Fail to reject the null hypothesis. There is insufficient evidence that $$\displaystyle\rho<{0}.$$
(c)
Find $$\displaystyle{S}_{{e}},{a},{\quad\text{and}\quad}{b}$$. (Round your answers to four decimal places.)
$$\displaystyle{S}_{{e}}=$$
$$\displaystyle{a}=$$
$$\displaystyle{b}=$$
Would you rather spend more federal taxes on art? Of a random sample of $$n_{1} = 86$$ politically conservative voters, $$r_{1} = 18$$ responded yes. Another random sample of $$n_{2} = 85$$ politically moderate voters showed that $$r_{2} = 21$$ responded yes. Does this information indicate that the population proportion of conservative voters inclined to spend more federal tax money on funding the arts is less than the proportion of moderate voters so inclined? Use $$\alpha = 0.05.$$ (a) State the null and alternate hypotheses. $$H_0:p_{1} = p_{2}, H_{1}:p_{1} > p_2$$
$$H_0:p_{1} = p_{2}, H_{1}:p_{1} < p_2$$
$$H_0:p_{1} = p_{2}, H_{1}:p_{1} \neq p_2$$
$$H_{0}:p_{1} < p_{2}, H_{1}:p_{1} = p_{2}$$ (b) What sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? The Student's t. The number of trials is sufficiently large. The standard normal. The number of trials is sufficiently large.The standard normal. We assume the population distributions are approximately normal. The Student's t. We assume the population distributions are approximately normal. (c)What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Test the difference $$p_{1} - p_{2}$$. Do not use rounded values. Round your final answer to two decimal places.) (d) Find (or estimate) the P-value. (Round your answer to four decimal places.) (e) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level alpha? At the $$\alpha = 0.05$$ level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant. At the $$\alpha = 0.05$$ level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant. At the $$\alpha = 0.05$$ level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant. At the $$\alpha = 0.05$$ level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant. (f) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application. Reject the null hypothesis, there is sufficient evidence that the proportion of conservative voters favoring more tax dollars for the arts is less than the proportion of moderate voters. Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is sufficient evidence that the proportion of conservative voters favoring more tax dollars for the arts is less than the proportion of moderate voters. Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is insufficient evidence that the proportion of conservative voters favoring more tax dollars for the arts is less than the proportion of moderate voters. Reject the null hypothesis, there is insufficient evidence that the proportion of conservative voters favoring more tax dollars for the arts is less than the proportion of moderate voters.
A new thermostat has been engineered for the frozen food cases in large supermarkets. Both the old and new thermostats hold temperatures at an average of $$25^{\circ}F$$. However, it is hoped that the new thermostat might be more dependable in the sense that it will hold temperatures closer to $$25^{\circ}F$$. One frozen food case was equipped with the new thermostat, and a random sample of 21 temperature readings gave a sample variance of 5.1. Another similar frozen food case was equipped with the old thermostat, and a random sample of 19 temperature readings gave a sample variance of 12.8. Test the claim that the population variance of the old thermostat temperature readings is larger than that for the new thermostat. Use a $$5\%$$ level of significance. How could your test conclusion relate to the question regarding the dependability of the temperature readings? (Let population 1 refer to data from the old thermostat.)
(a) What is the level of significance?
State the null and alternate hypotheses.
$$H0:?_{1}^{2}=?_{2}^{2},H1:?_{1}^{2}>?_{2}^{2}H0:?_{1}^{2}=?_{2}^{2},H1:?_{1}^{2}\neq?_{2}^{2}H0:?_{1}^{2}=?_{2}^{2},H1:?_{1}^{2}?_{2}^{2},H1:?_{1}^{2}=?_{2}^{2}$$
(b) Find the value of the sample F statistic. (Round your answer to two decimal places.)
What are the degrees of freedom?
$$df_{N} = ?$$
$$df_{D} = ?$$
What assumptions are you making about the original distribution?
The populations follow independent normal distributions. We have random samples from each population.The populations follow dependent normal distributions. We have random samples from each population.The populations follow independent normal distributions.The populations follow independent chi-square distributions. We have random samples from each population.
(c) Find or estimate the P-value of the sample test statistic. (Round your answer to four decimal places.)
(d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis?
At the ? = 0.05 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.At the ? = 0.05 level, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant. At the ? = 0.05 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are not statistically significant.At the ? = 0.05 level, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude the data are statistically significant.
(e) Interpret your conclusion in the context of the application.
Reject the null hypothesis, there is sufficient evidence that the population variance is larger in the old thermostat temperature readings.Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is sufficient evidence that the population variance is larger in the old thermostat temperature readings. Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is insufficient evidence that the population variance is larger in the old thermostat temperature readings.Reject the null hypothesis, there is insufficient evidence that the population variance is larger in the old thermostat temperature readings.
Aurora is planning to participate in an event at her school's field day that requires her to complete tasks at various stations in the fastest time possible. To prepare for the event, she is practicing and keeping track of her time to complete each station. The x-coordinate is the station number, and the y-coordinate is the time in minutes since the start of the race that she completed the task. $$\displaystyle{\left({1},{3}\right)},{\left({2},{6}\right)},{\left({3},{12}\right)},{\left({4},{24}\right)}$$
Part A: Is this data modeling an algebraic sequence or a geometric sequence? Explain your answer.
Part B: Use a recursive formula to determine the time she will complete station 5.
Part C: Use an explicit formula to find the time she will complete the 9th station.
According to one​ study, brain weights of men are normally distributed with a mean of 1.20kg and a standard deviation of 0.13kg. Use the data to answer questions​ (a) through​ (e). a. Determine the sampling distribution of the sample mean for samples of size 3. The mean of the sample mean is $$\mu x = ?$$ The standard deviation of the sample mean is $$\sigma x = ?$$ ​(Round to four decimal places as​ needed.) b. Determine the sampling distribution of the sample mean for samples of size 12. The mean of the sample mean is $$\mu x = ?$$ The standard deviation of the sample mean is $$\sigma x = ?$$ (Round to four decimal places as​ needed.)
(a) As soon as the infusion of Taxol is completed, the drug concentration in a patient’s blood is 1000 nanograms per milliliter $$\displaystyle{\left(\frac{{{n}{g}}}{{{m}{l}}}\right)}.$$ 12 hours later there is $$\displaystyle{50}\frac{{{n}{g}}}{{{m}{l}}}$$ left in the patient’s system. Use the data to construct an appropriate formula modeling the blood concentration of Taxol as a function of time after the infusion is completed.
(b) As soon as the infusion of Abraxane is completed, the drug concentration in a patient’s blood is 1000 nanograms per milliliter $$\displaystyle{\left(\frac{{{n}{g}}}{{{m}{l}}}\right)}$$. 24 hours later there is $$\displaystyle{50}\frac{{{n}{g}}}{{{m}{l}}}$$ left in the patient’s system. Use the data to construct an appropriate formula modeling the blood concentration of Abraxane as a function of time after the infusion is completed.
Use the table from the Theoretical Distribution section to calculate the following answers. Round your answers to four decimal places. $$P(x = 3) = _______________________$$
$$P(1 < x < 4) = _______________________$$
$$P(x \geq 8) = _______________________$$ Use the data from the Organize the Data section to calculate the following answers. Round your answers to four decimal places. $$RF(x = 3) = _______________________$$
$$RF(1 < x < 4) = _______________________$$
$$RF(x \geq 8) = _______________________$$ Discussion Questions 1. Knowing that data vary, describe three similarities between the graphs and distributions of the theoretical, empirical, and simulation distributions. Use complete sentences.