# J.D. Power and Associates surveys new automobile owners to learn about the quality of recently purchased vehicles. The following questions were asked in the J.D. Power Initial Quality Survey, May 2012. Did you purchase or lease the vehicle?

Question
Analyzing categorical data
J.D. Power and Associates surveys new automobile owners to learn about the quality of recently purchased vehicles. The following questions were asked in the J.D. Power Initial Quality Survey, May 2012.
Did you purchase or lease the vehicle?

2020-11-25
The given information about the survey of new automobile owners to learn about the quality of recently purchased vehicles.
The variable is “purchase or lease the vehicle”.
Categorical variable:
Labels or names that are used to recognize the attributes of each element are called categorical data. In other words, the data can be grouped under specific categories. Hence, a variable with categorical data is called categorical variable.
Quantitative variable:
The data that take up numerical values or counting values are called quantitative data. A variable with quantitative data is called quantitative variable.
In the survey, whether to purchase or lease the vehicle, categorizes the response into two categories.
Thus, the question provides categorical data.

### Relevant Questions

A wallstreet journal subcriber survey asked 46 questions about subcribers characteristics and interest. State whether each of the following questions provides categorical or quantitative data.
b. Are you male or females?
c. When did you first start reading the WSJ? High school , college, early career, midcareer, late career, or retirement?
d. How long have you been in your present job or position?
e. What type of vehicle are you considering for you next purchase? Nine response categories include sedan, sports car, SUV, minivan, and so on.
The Kroger Company is one of the largest grocery retailers in the United States, with over 2000 grocery stores across the country. Kroger uses an online customer opinion questionnaire to obtain performance data about its products and services and learn about what motivates its customers (Kroger website, April 2012). In the survey, Kroger customers were asked if they would be willing to pay more for products that had each of the following four characteristics.
The four questions were: Would you pay more for:
products that have a brand name?
products that are environmentally friendly?
products that are organic?
products that have been recommended by others?
For each question, the customers had the option of responding Yes if they would pay more or No if they would not pay more.
a. Are the data collected by Kroger in this example categorical or quantitative?
The dominant form of drag experienced by vehicles (bikes, cars,planes, etc.) at operating speeds is called form drag. Itincreases quadratically with velocity (essentially because theamount of air you run into increase with v and so does the amount of force you must exert on each small volume of air). Thus
$$\displaystyle{F}_{{{d}{r}{u}{g}}}={C}_{{d}}{A}{v}^{{2}}$$
where A is the cross-sectional area of the vehicle and $$\displaystyle{C}_{{d}}$$ is called the coefficient of drag.
Part A:
Consider a vehicle moving with constant velocity $$\displaystyle\vec{{{v}}}$$. Find the power dissipated by form drag.
Express your answer in terms of $$\displaystyle{C}_{{d}},{A},$$ and speed v.
Part B:
A certain car has an engine that provides a maximum power $$\displaystyle{P}_{{0}}$$. Suppose that the maximum speed of thee car, $$\displaystyle{v}_{{0}}$$, is limited by a drag force proportional to the square of the speed (as in the previous part). The car engine is now modified, so that the new power $$\displaystyle{P}_{{1}}$$ is 10 percent greater than the original power ($$\displaystyle{P}_{{1}}={110}\%{P}_{{0}}$$).
Assume the following:
The top speed is limited by air drag.
The magnitude of the force of air drag at these speeds is proportional to the square of the speed.
By what percentage, $$\displaystyle{\frac{{{v}_{{1}}-{v}_{{0}}}}{{{v}_{{0}}}}}$$, is the top speed of the car increased?
Express the percent increase in top speed numerically to two significant figures.
(1 pt) A new software company wants to start selling DVDs withtheir product. The manager notices that when the price for a DVD is19 dollars, the company sells 140 units per week. When the price is28 dollars, the number of DVDs sold decreases to 90 units per week.Answer the following questions:
A. Assume that the demand curve is linear. Find the demand, q, as afunction of price, p.
B. Write the revenue function, as a function of price. Answer:R(p)=
C. Find the price that maximizes revenue. Hint: you may sketch thegraph of the revenue function. Round your answer to the closestdollar.
D. Find the maximum revenue. Answer:
The Bureau of Transportation Statistics Omnibus Household Survey is conducted annually and serves as an information source for the U.S. Department of Transportation. In one part of the survey the person being interviewed was asked to respond to the following statement: "Drivers of motor vehicles should be allowed to talk on a hand-held cell phone while driving." Possible responses were strongly agree, some what agree, some what disagree, and strongly disagree. Forty-four respondents said that they strongly agree with this statement, 120 said that they some what agree, 165 said they some what disagree, and 755 said they strongly disagree with this statement.
Do the responses for this statement provide categorical or quantitative data?
We will now add support for register-memory ALU operations to the classic five-stage RISC pipeline. To offset this increase in complexity, all memory addressing will be restricted to register indirect (i.e., all addresses are simply a value held in a register; no offset or displacement may be added to the register value). For example, the register-memory instruction add x4, x5, (x1) means add the contents of register x5 to the contents of the memory location with address equal to the value in register x1 and put the sum in register x4. Register-register ALU operations are unchanged. The following items apply to the integer RISC pipeline:
a. List a rearranged order of the five traditional stages of the RISC pipeline that will support register-memory operations implemented exclusively by register indirect addressing.
b. Describe what new forwarding paths are needed for the rearranged pipeline by stating the source, destination, and information transferred on each needed new path.
c. For the reordered stages of the RISC pipeline, what new data hazards are created by this addressing mode? Give an instruction sequence illustrating each new hazard.
d. List all of the ways that the RISC pipeline with register-memory ALU operations can have a different instruction count for a given program than the original RISC pipeline. Give a pair of specific instruction sequences, one for the original pipeline and one for the rearranged pipeline, to illustrate each way.
Hint for (d): Give a pair of instruction sequences where the RISC pipeline has “more” instructions than the reg-mem architecture. Also give a pair of instruction sequences where the RISC pipeline has “fewer” instructions than the reg-mem architecture.

The two-way table shows the results from a survey of dog and cat owners about whether their pet prefers dry food or wet food.
$$\begin{array}{c|c|c} &\text { Dry } & \text { Wet }\\ \hline \text{ Cats } & 10&30 \\ \hline \text{ Dogs} & 20&20\\ \end{array}$$
Does the two-way table show any difference in preferences between dogs and cats? Explain.

$$\begin{array}{ccc} & Age \ Response & {\begin{array}{l|r|r|r|r|r} & 18-34 & 35-49 & 50-64 & 65+ & Total \\ \hline Support & 91 & 161 & 272 & 332 & 856 \\ \hline Oppose & 25 & 74 & 211 & 255 & 565 \\ \hline Don't know & 4 & 13 & 20 & 51 & 88 \\ \hline Total & 120 & 248 & 503 & 638 & 1509 \end{array}} \ \end{array}$$